Section
Defence & Security
Military capabilities, defence industries, alliances and internal security.
The Defence & Security section examines military capabilities, defence industries, alliances and internal security. It connects doctrines, budgets, technologies and cross-border threats.
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Spain–Morocco: The Indispensable Relationship
Spain–Morocco: The Indispensable Relationship
Fourteen kilometres apart at their closest point, Spain and Morocco have long maintained a relationship shaped by geographic proximity, historical mistrust and periodic crises. Yet beneath territorial, migration and diplomatic disputes, a much deeper interdependence has gradually
AnalysisRecent publications
Russia–Ukraine: The War That Reshaped Twenty-First Century Geopolitics
Few conflicts have transformed the international system as profoundly as the war between Russia and Ukraine. What began in February 2022 as a large-scale invasion rapidly evolved into the largest conventional war in Europe since the Second World War. Yet its significance extends
France: A Global Power Confronting Its Own Contradictions
France remains one of the few countries capable of exercising diplomatic, military, economic, cultural, and scientific influence on a global scale. A permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, a nuclear power, the holder of one of the world’s largest maritime domain
Europe: Power Without Sovereignty
Europe occupies a paradoxical position in the contemporary world. It remains one of the planet’s principal centres of wealth, consumption, scientific production and institutional stability. It possesses powerful companies, advanced infrastructure, a highly educated population and